EMC Directive

What is the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (2014/30/EU)?

The Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC) is one of the longest standing Directives to come out of the EU having originated in 1991. The Directive aims to ensure that all electrical and electronic equipment does not generate, or is not affected by, electromagnetic disturbance. 

The EMC directive limits electromagnetic emissions from equipment in order to ensure that, when used as intended, such equipment does not disturb radio and telecommunication, as well as other equipment. The directive also governs the immunity of such equipment to interference and seeks to ensure that this equipment is not disturbed by radio emissions, when used as intended.

Does it apply to me?

EMC applies to all electronic or electrical products liable to cause or be disturbed by electromagnetic interference (EMI).  Most manufacturers in the electronics and electrical industries need to ensure their products comply with the Directive and affix a valid CE Marking. Compliance is mandatory for nearly all electrical and electronic equipment imported into the European Union.

The main objectives of the directives are to regulate the compatibility of equipment regarding EMC:

• equipment (apparatus and fixed installations) needs to comply with EMC essential requirements when it is placed on the market and/or taken into service
• the application of good engineering practice is required for fixed installations, with the possibility that competent authorities of EU countries may impose measures in instances of non-compliance.

How do I comply with the EMC Directive?

Conformity can be demonstrated by two routes: internal production control or, by EU Type Examination which must be done by a Notified Body.

In both cases you must perform and document an electromagnetic compatibility assessment of the apparatus.  This must demonstrate the equipment satisfies the essential requirements either by satisfying all the relevant harmonised standards or by analysing all normal intended operating conditions and configurations and confirming that in every case the apparatus meets the essential requirements.  You must then draw up the necessary technical documentation and as if necessary submit it all to a Notified Body.

This is a simple overview of detailed and complex law.  You can view and download the original Directive here.